Cooperative Analog and Digital (CANDI) Time Synchronization for Large Multihop Network 


Vol. 37,  No. 11, pp. 1084-1093, Nov.  2012


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  Abstract

For large multihop networks, large time synchronization (TS) errors can accumulate with conventional methods, such as TPSN, RBS, and FTSP, since they need a large number of hops to cover the network. In this paper, a method combining Concurrent Cooperative Transmission (CCT) and Semi- Cooperative Spectrum Fusion (SCSF) is proposed to reduce the number of hops to cover the large network. In CCT, cooperating nodes transmit the same digitally encoded message in orthogonal channels simultaneously, so receivers can benefit from array and diversity gains. SCSF is an analog cooperative transmission method where different cooperators transmit correlated information simultaneously. The two methods are combined to create a new distributed method of network TS, called the Cooperative Analog and Digital (CANDI) TS protocol, which promises significantly lower network TS errors in multi-hop networks. CANDI and TPSN are compared in simulation for a line network.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

S. Cho and M. A. Ingram, "Cooperative Analog and Digital (CANDI) Time Synchronization for Large Multihop Network," The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 1084-1093, 2012. DOI: .

[ACM Style]

Sung-hwan Cho and Mary Ann Ingram. 2012. Cooperative Analog and Digital (CANDI) Time Synchronization for Large Multihop Network. The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences, 37, 11, (2012), 1084-1093. DOI: .

[KICS Style]

Sung-hwan Cho and Mary Ann Ingram, "Cooperative Analog and Digital (CANDI) Time Synchronization for Large Multihop Network," The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 1084-1093, 11. 2012.

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pISSN : 1226 - 4717
eISSN : 2287 - 3880